Kukonzekera ndi mawonekedwe a polyurethane semi-rigid thovu lapamwamba-ntchito magalimoto handrails.
The armrest mkati mwa galimoto ndi gawo lofunikira la kabati, lomwe limagwira ntchito yokankhira ndi kukoka chitseko ndikuyika mkono wa munthu m'galimoto. Pakachitika mwadzidzidzi, pamene galimoto ndi handrail kugunda, polyurethane zofewa handrail ndi kusinthidwa PP (polypropylene), ABS (polyacrylonitrile - butadiene - styrene) ndi zina zolimba pulasitiki handrail, angapereke elasticity wabwino ndi chotchinga, potero kuchepetsa kuvulala. Zojambula zofewa za polyurethane zimatha kupereka manja abwino komanso mawonekedwe okongola a pamwamba, potero kumapangitsa chitonthozo ndi kukongola kwa cockpit. Chifukwa chake, ndikukula kwamakampani amagalimoto ndikuwongolera zofunikira za anthu pazinthu zamkati, zabwino za thovu lofewa la polyurethane muzitsulo zamagalimoto zimawonekera kwambiri.
Pali mitundu itatu yazitsulo zofewa za polyurethane: thovu lolimba kwambiri, thovu lodzipaka lokha komanso thovu lolimba. Kunja kwa njanji zolimba zolimba kumakutidwa ndi khungu la PVC (polyvinyl chloride), ndipo mkati mwake ndi thovu lolimba kwambiri la polyurethane. Thandizo la chithovu ndi lofooka, mphamvu imakhala yochepa, ndipo kumamatira pakati pa chithovu ndi khungu sikukwanira. Nsomba yodzipangira yokha imakhala ndi chithovu chamtundu wa khungu, mtengo wotsika, digiri yophatikizana kwambiri, ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magalimoto amalonda, koma n'zovuta kulingalira mphamvu ya pamwamba ndi chitonthozo chonse. Nkhope yolimba kwambiri imakutidwa ndi khungu la PVC, khungu limapereka kukhudza bwino komanso mawonekedwe, ndipo thovu lolimba lamkati limamva bwino kwambiri, kukana mphamvu, kuyamwa mphamvu komanso kukana kukalamba, chifukwa chake limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mkatikati mwagalimoto yonyamula anthu.
Mu pepala ili, dongosolo lofunikira la thovu la polyurethane semi-rigid la ma handrails agalimoto lapangidwa, ndipo kuwongolera kwake kumawerengedwa pamaziko awa.
Gawo loyesera
Main zopangira
Polyether polyol A (mtengo wa hydroxyl 30 ~ 40 mg/g), polymer polyol B (mtengo wa hydroxyl 25 ~ 30 mg/g) : Wanhua Chemical Group Co., LTD. Kusinthidwa MDI [diphenylmethane diisocyanate, w (NCO) ndi 25% ~ 30%], chothandizira gulu, wetting dispersant (Agent 3), antioxidant A: Wanhua Chemical (Beijing) Co., LTD., Maitou, etc.; Kunyowetsa dispersant (Wothandizira 1), kunyowetsa dispersant (Wothandizira 2): Byke Chemical. Pamwambapa zopangira ndi mafakitale kalasi. Khungu la PVC: Changshu Ruihua.
Zida zazikulu ndi zida
Sdf-400 mtundu wapamwamba-liwiro chosakanizira, AR3202CN mtundu pakompyuta bwino, aluminiyamu nkhungu (10cm×10cm×1cm, 10cm×10cm×5cm), 101-4AB mtundu magetsi blower uvuni, KJ-1065 mtundu wamagetsi padziko lonse mavuto makina, 501A mtundu wapamwamba chotenthetsera.
Kukonzekera kwa chilinganizo choyambirira ndi zitsanzo
Mapangidwe oyambira a thovu la semi-rigid polyurethane akuwonetsedwa mu Gulu 1.
Kukonzekera kwa makina oyesa mayeso azinthu: polyether yophatikizika (A) idakonzedwa molingana ndi kapangidwe kake, kosakanikirana ndi MDI yosinthidwa mugawo linalake, yolimbikitsidwa ndi chipangizo chothamanga kwambiri (3000r / min) kwa 3 ~ 5s. , ndiye anatsanulira mu nkhungu lolingana kuti thovu, ndipo anatsegula nkhungu mu nthawi inayake kupeza theka-olimba polyurethane thovu kuumbidwa chitsanzo.
Kukonzekera kwa chitsanzo cha kuyesa kwa magwiridwe antchito: khungu la PVC limayikidwa m'munsi mwa nkhungu, ndipo polyether yophatikizidwa ndi MDI yosinthidwa imasakanizidwa molingana, kusonkhezeredwa ndi chipangizo chothamanga kwambiri (3 000 r/min). ) kwa 3 ~ 5 s, kenaka kutsanulira pamwamba pa khungu, ndipo nkhungu imatsekedwa, ndipo thovu la polyurethane ndi khungu limapangidwa mkati mwa nthawi inayake.
Mayeso a magwiridwe antchito
Zimango katundu: 40% CLD (compressive kuuma) malinga ISO-3386 muyezo mayeso; Kulimba kwamphamvu ndi kutalika kwa nthawi yopuma zimayesedwa molingana ndi muyezo wa ISO-1798; Mphamvu ya misozi imayesedwa molingana ndi muyezo wa ISO-8067. Magwiridwe omangirira: Makina amagetsi amtundu wapadziko lonse lapansi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusenda khungu ndi thovu 180 ° molingana ndi muyezo wa OEM.
Kuchita ukalamba: Yesani kutayika kwa zinthu zamakina ndi zinthu zomangirira pambuyo pa maola 24 okalamba pa 120 ℃ molingana ndi kutentha kwa OEM.
Zotsatira ndi zokambirana
Katundu wamakina
Posintha chiŵerengero cha poliyetha poliyo A ndi polima poliyoni B mu chilinganizo choyambirira, chikoka cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mlingo wa poliyetha pa makina a semi-rigid polyurethane thovu adafufuzidwa, monga momwe tawonetsera mu Table 2.
Zitha kuwoneka kuchokera muzotsatira za Gulu 2 kuti chiŵerengero cha polyether polyol A ndi polymer polyol B chimakhudza kwambiri makina a thovu la polyurethane. Pamene chiŵerengero cha polyether polyol A ndi polima poliyo B chikuwonjezeka, elongation pa yopuma kumawonjezeka, compressive kuuma amachepetsa pamlingo wakutiwakuti, ndi kumakoka mphamvu ndi kung'amba mphamvu kusintha pang'ono. Ma molekyulu a polyurethane makamaka amakhala ndi gawo lofewa komanso gawo lolimba, gawo lofewa kuchokera ku polyol ndi gawo lolimba lochokera ku carbamate bond. Kumbali imodzi, kulemera kwa maselo ndi hydroxyl ya ma polyols awiriwa ndi osiyana, komano, polymer polyol B ndi polyether polyol yosinthidwa ndi acrylonitrile ndi styrene, ndipo kulimba kwa gawo la unyolo kumakhala bwino chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa mphete ya benzene, pomwe polymer polyol B imakhala ndi tinthu tating'ono tating'ono, zomwe zimawonjezera kuphulika kwa thovu. Pamene polyether polyol A ndi magawo 80 ndi polymer polyol B ndi magawo 10, mawotchi opangidwa ndi thovu amakhala abwinoko.
Bonding katundu
Monga chinthu chokhala ndi mafupipafupi osindikizira, cholemberacho chidzachepetsa kwambiri chitonthozo cha ziwalo ngati chithovu ndi khungu la khungu, kotero kuti kugwirizana kwa thovu la polyurethane ndi khungu kumafunika. Pamaziko a kafukufuku pamwambapa, osiyana chonyowa dispersants anawonjezeredwa kuyesa adhesion katundu thovu ndi khungu. Zotsatira zikuwonetsedwa mu Table 3.
Zitha kuwoneka kuchokera ku Table 3 kuti zotulutsa zonyowa zosiyana zimakhala ndi zotsatira zoonekeratu pa mphamvu yowonongeka pakati pa thovu ndi khungu: Kugwa kwa thovu kumachitika pambuyo pogwiritsira ntchito zowonjezera 2, zomwe zingayambitsidwe ndi kutsegula kwambiri kwa thovu pambuyo powonjezera zowonjezera. 2; Pambuyo pogwiritsira ntchito zowonjezera 1 ndi 3, mphamvu yovula yachitsanzo chopanda kanthu imakhala ndi kuwonjezeka kwina, ndipo mphamvu yovula ya zowonjezera 1 imakhala pafupifupi 17% kuposa ya chitsanzo chopanda kanthu, ndipo mphamvu yovula ya zowonjezera 3 ndi pafupifupi 25% yapamwamba kuposa yachitsanzo chopanda kanthu. Kusiyana pakati pa zowonjezera 1 ndi zowonjezera 3 zimayambitsidwa makamaka ndi kusiyana kwa kunyowa kwa zinthu zophatikizika pamtunda. Nthawi zambiri, kuwunika kunyowa kwamadzimadzi pa olimba, kolowera ndi gawo lofunikira poyezera kunyowa kwamadzi. Chifukwa chake, kulumikizana kwa Angle pakati pa zinthu zophatikizika ndi khungu pambuyo powonjezera zida ziwiri zomwe zili pamwambazi zidayesedwa, ndipo zotsatira zake zidawonetsedwa Chithunzi 1.
Zitha kuwoneka kuchokera ku Chithunzi 1 kuti kukhudzana ndi Angle ya chitsanzo chopanda kanthu ndi chachikulu kwambiri, chomwe ndi 27 °, ndipo Angle yolumikizana ndi wothandizira wothandizira 3 ndi yaying'ono kwambiri, yomwe ili 12 ° yokha. Izi zikuwonetsa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera 3 kungapangitse kunyowa kwa zinthu zophatikizika ndi khungu kwambiri, ndipo kumakhala kosavuta kufalikira pakhungu, kotero kugwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera 3 kumakhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu yopukutira.
Katundu wokalamba
Zogulitsa pamanja zimapanikizidwa m'galimoto, kuchuluka kwa kuwala kwa dzuwa kumakhala kokwera, ndipo kukalamba ndi ntchito ina yofunika yomwe thovu la polyurethane semi-rigid handrail liyenera kuganizira. Chifukwa chake, machitidwe okalamba a chilinganizo choyambirira adayesedwa ndipo kafukufuku wowongolera adachitika, ndipo zotsatira zake zidawonetsedwa mu Gulu 4.
Poyerekeza zomwe zili mu Table 4, zitha kupezeka kuti zida zamakina ndi zomangira zomwe zimapangidwira zimachepetsedwa kwambiri pambuyo pa kukalamba kwamafuta pa 120 ℃: mutakalamba kwa 12h, kutayika kwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana kupatula kachulukidwe (zomwe zili pansipa) ndi 13% ~ 16%; Kutayika kwa ntchito kwa ukalamba wa 24h ndi 23% ~ 26%. Zikusonyezedwa kuti kukalamba kutentha kwa chilinganizo choyambirira sichabwino, ndipo katundu wokalamba wa kutentha wa chilinganizo choyambirira akhoza mwachiwonekere kukhala bwino powonjezera A gulu la antioxidant A ku formula. Pansi pa zinthu zoyesera zomwezo pambuyo pa kuwonjezera kwa antioxidant A, kutayika kwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana pambuyo pa 12h kunali 7% ~ 8%, ndi kutayika kwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana pambuyo pa 24h kunali 13% ~ 16%. Kuchepa kwa zinthu zamakina kumachitika makamaka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa maunyolo omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kusweka kwa ma bond ndi ma free radicals panthawi ya ukalamba wamafuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kusintha kwakukulu pamapangidwe kapena katundu wa chinthu choyambirira. Kumbali imodzi, kuchepa kwa ntchito yolumikizana ndi chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa zinthu zamakina a thovu lokha, komano, chifukwa khungu la PVC lili ndi mapulasitiki ambiri, ndipo pulasitiki imasamukira kumtunda panthawiyi. kukalamba kwa oxygen. Kuphatikizika kwa ma antioxidants kumatha kusintha ukalamba wake wotentha, makamaka chifukwa ma antioxidants amatha kuthetsa ma radicals aulere omwe angopangidwa kumene, kuchedwa kapena kuletsa makutidwe ndi okosijeni a polima, kuti asunge zinthu zoyambirira za polima.
Ntchito zonse
Kutengera zotsatira zomwe zili pamwambapa, chilinganizo choyenera chinapangidwa ndipo mawonekedwe ake osiyanasiyana adawunikidwa. Kachitidwe ka fomulako kanafananizidwa ndi thovu la polyurethane high rebound handrail. Zotsatira zikuwonetsedwa mu Table 5.
Monga tikuwonera mu Table 5, kachitidwe ka foam ya foam ya semi-rigid polyurethane ili ndi zabwino zina kuposa ma formula oyambira komanso wamba, ndipo ndiyothandiza kwambiri, ndipo ndiyoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamanja zogwira ntchito kwambiri.
Mapeto
Kusintha kuchuluka kwa polyether ndi kusankha oyenerera wetting dispersant ndi antioxidant angapereke theka-olimba polyurethane thovu zabwino makina katundu, kutentha kwambiri kutentha kukalamba katundu ndi zina zotero. Kutengera magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri a thovu, chinthu chopangidwa ndi thovu lolimba kwambiri la polyurethane chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zamagalimoto monga ma handrails ndi matebulo a zida.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-25-2024