Mtundu watsopano wa zomatira za polyurethane zidakonzedwa pogwiritsa ntchito ma polyacids ang'onoang'ono a molekyulu ndi ma polyols ang'onoang'ono a molekyulu ngati zida zopangira zopangira ma prepolymers. Panthawi yokulitsa unyolo, ma polima a hyperbranched ndi HDI trimers adalowetsedwa mu polyurethane. Zotsatira zoyeserera zikuwonetsa kuti zomatira zomwe zakonzedwa mu phunziroli zili ndi viscosity yoyenera, moyo wautali womatira wa disc, ukhoza kuchiritsidwa mwachangu kutentha kwachipinda, ndipo uli ndi zida zabwino zomangirira, mphamvu yosindikiza kutentha komanso kukhazikika kwamafuta.

Mapangidwe osinthika a kompositi ali ndi zabwino zake zowoneka bwino, mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana ogwiritsira ntchito, mayendedwe osavuta, komanso mtengo wotsika wolongedza. Kuyambira pachiyambi chake, wakhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muzakudya, mankhwala, mankhwala a tsiku ndi tsiku, zamagetsi ndi mafakitale ena, ndipo amakondedwa kwambiri ndi ogula. Kuchita kwa ma CD osakanikirana ophatikizika sikungokhudzana ndi filimuyo, komanso kumadalira ntchito ya zomatira zophatikizika. Zomatira za polyurethane zili ndi zabwino zambiri monga mphamvu yomangirira kwambiri, kusinthika kwamphamvu, ukhondo ndi chitetezo. Pakali pano ndiye zomatira zomata zomata zophatikizika zosinthika komanso cholinga cha kafukufuku wopangidwa ndi opanga zomatira.

Kukalamba kotentha kwambiri ndi njira yofunikira pokonzekera zotengera zosinthika. Ndi zolinga za dziko la "carbon peak" ndi "carbon neutrality", kuteteza zachilengedwe zobiriwira, kuchepetsa mpweya wochepa wa carbon, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwambiri komanso kupulumutsa mphamvu zakhala zolinga zachitukuko zamagulu onse a moyo. Kutentha kwa ukalamba ndi nthawi yokalamba kumakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pa mphamvu ya peel ya filimu yophatikizika. Mwachidziwitso, kutentha kwa ukalamba kumakwera komanso nthawi yayitali ya ukalamba, kumapangitsa kuti munthu azitha kuchita bwino komanso kuchiritsa bwino. Mu ndondomeko yeniyeni yopangira ntchito, ngati kutentha kwa ukalamba kungatsitsidwe ndipo nthawi yokalamba ikhoza kufupikitsidwa, ndibwino kuti musafune kukalamba, ndipo kudula ndi thumba kumatha kuchitika makinawo atazimitsidwa. Izi sizingangokwaniritsa zolinga zoteteza zachilengedwe zobiriwira komanso kuchepetsa mpweya wochepa wa carbon, komanso kupulumutsa ndalama zopangira komanso kukonza bwino kupanga.

Phunziroli likufuna kupanga mtundu watsopano wa zomatira za polyurethane zomwe zimakhala ndi kukhuthala kwabwino komanso zomatira zamoyo panthawi yopanga ndikugwiritsa ntchito, zimatha kuchiza mwachangu pansi pazikhalidwe zotsika kwambiri, makamaka popanda kutentha kwambiri, ndipo sizikhudza magwiridwe antchito azizindikiro zosiyanasiyana za ma CD osakanikirana.

1.1 Zida zoyesera Adipic acid, sebacic acid, ethylene glycol, neopenyl glycol, diethylene glycol, TDI, HDI trimer, labotale yopangidwa ndi polymer yopangidwa ndi hyperbranched, ethyl acetate, filimu ya polyethylene (PE), filimu ya polyester (PET), zojambulazo za aluminiyamu (AL).
1.2 Zida zoyeserera Makompyuta amagetsi osasintha kutentha mpweya wowumitsa uvuni: DHG-9203A, Shanghai Yiheng Scientific Instrument Co., Ltd.; Viscometer yozungulira: NDJ-79, Shanghai Renhe Keyi Co., Ltd.; Makina oyesera a Universal tensile: XLW, Labthink; Thermogravimetric analyzer: TG209, NETZSCH, Germany; Kutentha chisindikizo choyesa: SKZ1017A, Jinan Qingqiang Electromechanical Co., Ltd.
1.3 Njira ya kaphatikizidwe
1) Kukonzekera kwa prepolymer: Yanikani botolo la makosi anayi bwinobwino ndikudutsamo N2, kenaka yikani kamolekyu kakang'ono ka polyol ndi polyacid mu botolo la makosi anayi ndikuyamba kugwedeza. Kutentha kukafika pa kutentha komwe kumayikidwa ndipo kutulutsa kwamadzi kumakhala pafupi ndi kutulutsa kwamadzi, tengani kuchuluka kwa zitsanzo kuti muyese kuchuluka kwa asidi. Pamene mtengo wa asidi ndi ≤20 mg/g, yambani sitepe yotsatira yochitira; kuwonjezera 100 × 10-6 metered chothandizira, kulumikiza zingalowe mchira chitoliro ndi kuyamba vacuum mpope, kulamulira mlingo mowa linanena bungwe ndi digiri zingalowe, pamene leni mowa linanena bungwe lili pafupi ndi chiphunzitso mowa linanena bungwe, kutenga chitsanzo zina kwa hydroxyl mtengo mayeso, ndi kutsirizitsa anachita pamene mtengo hydroxyl akukumana ndi zofunika kamangidwe. Polyurethane prepolymer yopezeka imayikidwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito poyimilira.
2) Kukonzekera zomatira zosungunulira zochokera ku polyurethane: Onjezerani zomatira za polyurethane prepolymer ndi ethyl ester mu botolo la makosi anayi, kutentha ndi kusonkhezera kumwazikana mofanana, kenaka yonjezerani TDI yoyezera mu botolo la makosi anayi, kutentha kwa 1.0 h, kenaka yikani polima zodzikongoletsera mu labotale, ndikuwonjezera pang'onopang'ono HDI 20. botolo la makosi anayi, sungani kutentha kwa 2.0 h, tengani zitsanzo kuti muyese zomwe zili mu NCO, muziziziritsa ndi kumasula zipangizo zopakira pambuyo poti NCO ikhale yoyenera.
3) Dry lamination: Sakanizani ethyl acetate, wothandizila wamkulu ndi wochiritsa mu gawo linalake ndikuyambitsanso mofanana, ndiye gwiritsani ntchito ndikukonzekera zitsanzo pa makina owuma owuma.

1.4 Kuyesa Makhalidwe
1) Viscosity: Gwiritsani ntchito viscometer yozungulira ndikulozera ku GB/T 2794-1995 Njira yoyesera ya kukhuthala kwa zomatira;
2) Mphamvu ya T-peel: kuyesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito makina oyesera amtundu wapadziko lonse, ponena za njira yoyesera mphamvu ya GB/T 8808-1998;
3) Mphamvu yosindikizira kutentha: choyamba gwiritsani ntchito chosindikizira cha kutentha kuti mupange chisindikizo cha kutentha, kenaka mugwiritseni ntchito makina oyesera amtundu uliwonse kuti muyese, tchulani njira yoyesera mphamvu ya GB / T 22638.7-2016;
4) Kusanthula kwa Thermogravimetric (TGA): Kuyesaku kunachitika pogwiritsa ntchito chowunikira cha thermogravimetric ndi kutentha kwa 10 ℃ / min ndi kuyesa kutentha kwa 50 mpaka 600 ℃.

2.1 Kusintha kwa mamasukidwe akayendedwe ndi kusanganikirana kachitidwe nthawi Kukhuthala kwa zomatira ndi moyo wa mphira chimbale ndi zizindikiro zofunika pakupanga mankhwala. Ngati kukhuthala kwa zomatira ndikokwera kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa guluu kudzakhala kokulirapo, komwe kumakhudza mawonekedwe ndi mtengo wokutira wa filimu yophatikizika; ngati mamasukidwe akayendedwe ali otsika kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa guluu kudzakhala kochepa kwambiri, ndipo inkiyo singalowetsedwe bwino, zomwe zidzakhudzanso mawonekedwe ndi kugwirizana kwa filimu yophatikizika. Ngati moyo wa diski ya mphira uli waufupi kwambiri, kukhuthala kwa guluu kusungidwa mu thanki ya glue kudzawonjezeka mofulumira, ndipo guluu silingagwiritsidwe ntchito bwino, ndipo mphira wa rabara siwophweka kuyeretsa; ngati moyo wa mphira chimbale ndi yaitali kwambiri, izo zingakhudze koyamba adhesion maonekedwe ndi kugwirizana ntchito ya gulu la zinthu, ndipo ngakhale kukhudza mlingo machiritso, potero zimakhudza dzuwa kupanga mankhwala.

Kuwongolera koyenera kwa viscosity ndi moyo wa zomatira disc ndizofunikira kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito bwino zomatira. Malinga ndi zomwe zinachitikira kupanga, wothandizira wamkulu, ethyl acetate ndi wothandizira mankhwala amasinthidwa ku mtengo woyenera wa R ndi kukhuthala, ndipo zomatirazo zimakulungidwa mu thanki yomatira ndi mphira wodzigudubuza popanda kugwiritsa ntchito guluu ku filimuyo. Zitsanzo zomatira zimatengedwa nthawi zosiyanasiyana kuti ziyesedwe ku viscosity. Kukhuthala koyenera, moyo woyenera wa diski yomatira, komanso kuchiritsa mwachangu pansi pazikhalidwe zotentha ndizofunika kwambiri zomwe zimatsatiridwa ndi zomatira za polyurethane zosungunulira panthawi yopanga ndikugwiritsa ntchito.

2.2 Zotsatira za kutentha kwa ukalamba pa mphamvu ya peel Njira yokalamba ndiyo yofunika kwambiri, yowononga nthawi, yogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu komanso yowonjezera malo kuti ikhale yosinthika. Sizimangokhudza kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimapangidwira, koma chofunika kwambiri, zimakhudza maonekedwe ndi machitidwe ogwirizanitsa a ma CD osakanikirana. Poyang'anizana ndi zolinga za boma za "carbon peak" ndi "carbon neutrality" ndi mpikisano woopsa wa msika, ukalamba wochepa kutentha ndi kuchiritsa mofulumira ndi njira zothandiza zopezera mphamvu zochepa, kupanga zobiriwira ndi kupanga koyenera .

Kanema wamagulu a PET/AL/PE anali wokalamba kutentha kwa firiji komanso pa 40, 50, ndi 60 ℃. Pa kutentha kwa chipinda, mphamvu ya peel ya gawo lamkati la AL / PE linakhalabe lokhazikika pambuyo pokalamba kwa 12 h, ndipo kuchiritsa kunamalizidwa; kutentha kwa chipinda, mphamvu ya peel ya kunja kwa PET / AL yotchinga yapamwamba yotchinga mapangidwe anakhalabe okhazikika pambuyo pokalamba kwa 12 h, kusonyeza kuti filimu yotchinga kwambiri idzakhudza kuchiritsa kwa zomatira za polyurethane; kuyerekeza kutentha kwa machiritso a 40, 50, ndi 60 ℃, panalibe kusiyana koonekeratu pamlingo wochiritsa.

Poyerekeza ndi zomatira zosungunulira za polyurethane pamsika wapano, nthawi yokalamba yotentha kwambiri nthawi zambiri imakhala maola 48 kapena kupitilira apo. Zomatira za polyurethane mu kafukufukuyu zimatha kumaliza kuchiritsa kwa chotchinga chachikulu mu maola 12 kutentha kwachipinda. Zomatira zomwe zimapangidwa zimakhala ndi ntchito yochiritsa mwachangu. Kumayambiriro kwa zopanga tokha ma polima hyperbranched ndi multifunctional isocyanates mu zomatira, mosasamala kanthu za kunja wosanjikiza kapangidwe gulu kapena mkati wosanjikiza kapangidwe gulu, ndi peel mphamvu pansi firiji zinthu kutentha si wosiyana kwambiri ndi mphamvu peel pansi mkulu-kutentha kukalamba mikhalidwe, kusonyeza kuti zomatira otukuka osati ali ndi ntchito ya kuchiritsa mofulumira kutentha, komanso ali ndi ntchito ya kuchiritsa mofulumira kwambiri, koma ali ndi machiritso mofulumira.

2.3 Mmene kutentha ukalamba pa kutentha chisindikizo mphamvu The kutentha chisindikizo makhalidwe a zipangizo ndi kwenikweni kutentha chisindikizo zotsatira amakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zambiri, monga kutentha chisindikizo zipangizo, thupi ndi mankhwala magawo ntchito zinthu palokha, kutentha chisindikizo nthawi, kutentha chisindikizo kutentha ndi kutentha chisindikizo kutentha, etc. Malinga ndi zosowa zenizeni ndi zinachitikira, ndi wololera kutentha chisindikizo ndondomeko ndi magawo amachitika atakhazikika pawiri chisindikizo filimu ndi kuyesedwa kwa compsite mphamvu.

Pamene filimu yophatikizika yangochoka pamakina, mphamvu yosindikizira kutentha imakhala yochepa, 17 N/(15 mm yokha). Panthawiyi, zomatirazo zangoyamba kukhazikika ndipo sizingapereke mphamvu zokwanira zomangira. Mphamvu yoyesedwa panthawiyi ndi mphamvu ya kutentha kwa filimu ya PE; pamene nthawi yokalamba ikuwonjezeka, mphamvu ya chisindikizo cha kutentha imakula kwambiri. Kutentha kwa chisindikizo cha kutentha pambuyo pokalamba kwa maola 12 kumakhala kofanana ndi pambuyo pa maola 24 ndi 48, zomwe zimasonyeza kuti kuchiritsa kumatsirizidwa mu maola a 12, kupereka mgwirizano wokwanira wa mafilimu osiyanasiyana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mphamvu yowonjezera kutentha. Kuchokera pakusintha pamapindikira amphamvu yosindikizira kutentha pamatenthedwe osiyanasiyana, zitha kuwoneka kuti munthawi yokalamba, palibe kusiyana kwakukulu pamphamvu yosindikizira kutentha pakati pa kutentha kwachipinda ndi 40, 50, ndi 60 ℃. Kukalamba kutentha kutentha kumatha kukwaniritsa zotsatira za ukalamba wotentha kwambiri. Zomangira zosinthika zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi zomatira zomwe zidapangidwazi zimakhala ndi mphamvu yabwino yosindikizira kutentha pansi pamikhalidwe yotentha kwambiri.

2.4 Kukhazikika kwa kutentha kwa filimu yochiritsidwa Pogwiritsa ntchito ma CD osinthika, kusindikiza kutentha ndi kupanga thumba kumafunika. Kuphatikiza pa kukhazikika kwa kutentha kwa filimuyo palokha, kukhazikika kwa kutentha kwa filimu yochiritsidwa ya polyurethane kumatsimikizira ntchito ndi maonekedwe a mankhwala omalizidwa osinthika. Kafukufukuyu amagwiritsa ntchito njira ya thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) kuti afufuze kukhazikika kwa kutentha kwa filimu yochiritsidwa ya polyurethane.

Kanema wochiritsidwa wa polyurethane ali ndi nsonga ziwiri zowoneka bwino zowonda pa kutentha kwa mayeso, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi kuwonongeka kwa kutentha kwa gawo lolimba ndi gawo lofewa. Kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono kwa gawo lofewa ndikwambiri, ndipo kuwonda kwamafuta kumayamba pa 264 ° C. Pa kutentha kumeneku, imatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira za kutentha kwa njira yosindikizira yofewa yapakali pano, ndipo imatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira za kutentha popanga ma CD okha kapena kudzaza, mayendedwe otengera mtunda wautali, ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito; kutentha kwa kutentha kwa gawo lolimba ndilokwera, kufika pa 347 ° C. Zomatira zopanda kutentha kwapamwamba zomwe zimapangidwira zimakhala ndi kukhazikika kwamafuta. The AC-13 asphalt osakaniza ndi zitsulo slag chinawonjezeka ndi 2.1%.

3) Pamene zitsulo slag zili kufika 100%, ndiko kuti, pamene tinthu limodzi kukula 4.75 kuti 9.5 mm kwathunthu m'malo mwala wa laimu, otsalira bata mtengo osakaniza phula ndi 85,6%, amene ndi 0,5% apamwamba kuposa AC-13 phula osakaniza popanda slag zitsulo; kugawanika mphamvu chiŵerengero ndi 80,8%, amene ndi 0,5% apamwamba kuposa AC-13 phula osakaniza popanda slag zitsulo. Kuwonjezera kuchuluka koyenera kwa zitsulo zachitsulo kungathe kupititsa patsogolo kukhazikika kotsalira ndi kugawanika kwa mphamvu ya AC-13 zitsulo za slag asphalt kusakaniza, ndipo zimatha kusintha bwino madzi osakaniza a asphalt.

1) Pazikhalidwe zogwiritsiridwa ntchito bwino, kukhuthala koyambirira kwa zomatira za zosungunulira zochokera ku polyurethane zokonzedwa poyambitsa ma polima opangidwa kunyumba ndi ma polyisocyanates okhala ndi ntchito zambiri ndi kuzungulira 1500mPa · s, omwe ali ndi kukhuthala kwabwino; moyo wa zomatira chimbale kufika 60 min, amene angathe kukwaniritsa mokwanira ntchito nthawi ntchito zofunika ma CD makampani osinthasintha popanga kupanga.

2) Zitha kuwoneka kuchokera ku mphamvu ya peel ndi mphamvu yosindikizira kutentha komwe zomatira zokonzeka zimatha kuchiza mwachangu kutentha. Palibe kusiyana kwakukulu pa liwiro lamachiritso pa kutentha kwa chipinda ndi 40, 50, ndi 60 ℃, ndipo palibe kusiyana kwakukulu mu mphamvu yomangirira. Zomatirazi zimatha kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu popanda kutentha kwambiri ndipo zimatha kuchiza mwachangu.

3) Kusanthula kwa TGA kukuwonetsa kuti zomatira zimakhala ndi kukhazikika kwamafuta ndipo zimatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira za kutentha panthawi yopanga, kuyendetsa ndikugwiritsa ntchito.