Kukhazikitsidwa kwa Wogulitsa wa Polyurethane Rigid Ogwiritsa Ntchito Pomanga
Ndi zofunikira zowonjezera za nyumba zamakono zopulumutsa mphamvu ndi chilengedwe, kutentha kwa matenthedwe ogwirira ntchito zomangira kumakhala kofunikira kwambiri. Pakati pawo, chithotho cha polyirethane chokhazikika ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri zokumba, zomwe zimakhala ndi zamakina, zimayenda bwino komanso zabwino zina, motero zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'munda womanga.
Wogwirizira ndi amodzi mwa owonjezera owonjezera popanga chithovu cholimba cha polyurethane. Malinga ndi makina ake othandizira zochita, itha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: mankhwala ogulitsa mankhwala ndi thovu.
Gulu la Othandizira
Wothandizira thovu ndi owonjezera omwe amatulutsa mafuta ndi zikwama za pouniretherane potengera atoctaniates ndi ma polys. Madzi ndiye nthumwi ya wothandizirayo wamafuta, omwe amakumana ndi gawo la isocynate kuti apange mpweya wa kaboni dibonizi, kuti akhumudwitse zida za polyurethane. Wothandizirana naye pachiwopsezo amawonjezeredwa adawonjeza popanga chithovu cha polyurethane cholimba, chomwe chitsuko pouniretthane ndi zida zolimbitsa thupi kudzera mu mafuta. Othandizira thovu amathupi amakhala otsika kwambiri ozizira, monga hydrofluorbocarbons (HFC) kapena alkane (HC).
Njira yachitukuko yaWothandiziraAnayamba kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1950s, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakapita ku Trichloro-fluoromene (CFC-11) ngati pompulake Ham Foam Heam, kuyambira pamenepo CFC-11 zagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'munda wa polyurethane wolimba. Monga CFC-11 idatsimikizira kuwononga ozone, mayiko akumadzulo kwa Europe adasiya kugwiritsa ntchito CFC-11 kumapeto kwa 1994, ndipo China United States adaletsa kugwiritsa ntchito HCFC-141B mu 2003 ndi 2004, motero. Monga chilengedwe chonse chikuwonjezeka, mayiko akuyamba kukulitsa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina zotentha padziko lonse lapansi (GWP).
Othandizira a HFC-Thumu kale adalowe m'malo mwa CFC-11 ndi HCFC-141b, koma mtengo wa GFP wa mankhwala ali okwera, omwe siatha kutetezedwa ndi chilengedwe. Chifukwa chake, m'zaka zaposachedwa, chitukuko cha othandizira chithovu pantchito yomangayi chasintha njira zina.
Ubwino ndi Cons of Thimes
Monga mtundu wa zotupa, chithotho cha polyirethane chokhazikika chili ndi zabwino zambiri, monga magwiridwe abwino kwambiri othandiza, mphamvu zabwino kwambiri, njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira, moyo wokhazikika wokhazikika komanso wokhazikika.
Monga othandizira othandiza pakukonzekera kwa polyirethane cholimba, omwe amathandizira ali ndi chofunikira kwambiri pa ntchitoyi, mtengo wotetezedwa ndi chilengedwe cha zinthu zopindika. Ubwino wa mankhwala ogulitsira ndi kuthamanga kwachangu, chomenyera chosemedwa, chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu kutentha kwakukulu ndi chinyezi chambiri, kuti akonzekere thovu lalikulu la polyurethane okhazikika.
Komabe, othandizira mankhwalawa amatha kubala mpweya wovulaza, monga kaboni dayokisi, kaboni monoxide ndi nayitrogeni ma oxides, omwe amayambitsa kuipitsa kumalo. Ubwino wa Wogulitsa thovu ndikuti sizikutulutsa mpweya wovulaza, sizimapangitsanso chilengedwe, ndipo amathanso kupeza kukula kocheperako komanso momwe amagwirira ntchito bwino. Komabe, othandizira a chithovu amadwala pang'onopang'ono ndipo amafuna kutentha kwambiri komanso chinyezi kuchita bwino.
Monga mtundu wa zotupa, chithotho cha polyirethane chokhazikika chili ndi zabwino zambiri, monga magwiridwe abwino kwambiri othandiza, mphamvu zabwino kwambiri, njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira, moyo wokhazikika wokhazikika komanso wokhazikika.
Monga othandizira othandiza pokonzekeraPolyurethane Haam, Wogulitsayo ali ndi vuto lofunikira pa magwiridwewo, mtengo wake komanso kuteteza chilengedwe kwa zinthu zopindika. Ubwino wa mankhwala ogulitsira ndi kuthamanga kwachangu, chomenyera chosemedwa, chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu kutentha kwakukulu ndi chinyezi chambiri, kuti akonzekere thovu lalikulu la polyurethane okhazikika.
Komabe, othandizira mankhwalawa amatha kubala mpweya wovulaza, monga kaboni dayokisi, kaboni monoxide ndi nayitrogeni ma oxides, omwe amayambitsa kuipitsa kumalo. Ubwino wa Wogulitsa thovu ndikuti sizikutulutsa mpweya wovulaza, sizimapangitsanso chilengedwe, ndipo amathanso kupeza kukula kocheperako komanso momwe amagwirira ntchito bwino. Komabe, othandizira a chithovu amadwala pang'onopang'ono ndipo amafuna kutentha kwambiri komanso chinyezi kuchita bwino.
Kuchita Zabwino Zabwino
Zomwe zimachitika m'kampani yopanga mtsogolo zimakonda kukulitsa cholowa cha gwp. Mwachitsanzo, CO2, hfo, ndi njira zina zamadzi, zomwe zimakhala ndi gwp yotsika, zero odont, ndi ntchito ina ya chilengedwe, zagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga chithovu cha polurethane chokhazikika. Kuphatikiza apo, pamene kumanga nyumba kumapitilira, kugundana kumapitilira ntchito yabwino kwambiri, monga momwe zimakhalira bwino, monga momwe zimakhalira bwino, kuchuluka kwambiri, komanso kukula kwaming'oma.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, mabizinesi apanyumba komanso achilendo ayamba kusanthula mosamalitsa ndikupanga othandizira owombera a fluorins omwe ali ndi mathupi (hfo), omwe amatchedwa othandizira am'badwo chachinayi ndipo ndi othandizira odwala magesi ndi chilengedwe.
Post Nthawi: Jun-21-2024